Focusing Review

Development of Environmental Analysis Methods Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

Takashi Yarita

Tsukuba Central 3, Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8563, Japan

Abstract:

Environmental analysis methods have been developed by applying supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC). The highly sensitive and selective detection of organochlorine pollutants by SFC was demonstrated using an electron-capture detector. For accurate quantification by SFE, the extraction behavior was investigated in detail using herbicides in soil and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediment as target analytes. For rapid quantification, on-line coupling of SFE and SFC was demonstrated, in which thiolcarbamate herbicides in soil samples could be quantified within 1 h. As an application of the developed analytical method, the production of sediment certified reference materials NMIJ CRM 7304-a and CRM 7305-a, with the use of SFE as one of the extraction techniques for the determination of certified values of PCBs, is also described.

Keywords: Supercritical fluid extraction, Supercritical fluid chromatography, Pesticide, Herbicide, Polychlorinated biphenyls, Certified reference material

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